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1.
European J Med Plants ; 2014 Dec; 4(12): 1534-1542
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-164217

ABSTRACT

Mangrove forests continue to disappear all over the world due to a number of reasons. This is the study made to screen the anatomical and biochemical changes during the rooting process. Two important mangrove species have been examined based on their salt relationship natures: Avicennia officinalis subsp. australasica (salt excreting plant) and Excoecaria agallocha L (salt accumulating plant). The plants were treated with different root promoting hormones like IBA, IAA and NAA at different concentrations for three minutes each. After 45 days of the growth period root growth and anatomical changes were observed. The roots originated from the deeper zone of the secondary xylem after several anatomical variations in the hormone treated plants. This is the first trial which may help to determine the mass propagation of these commercial and medicinally important mangroves.


Subject(s)
Avicennia/anatomy & histology , Avicennia/drug effects , Avicennia/growth & development , Euphorbiaceae/anatomy & histology , Euphorbiaceae/drug effects , Euphorbiaceae/growth & development , Plant Growth Regulators , Plant Roots/anatomy & histology , Plant Roots/drug effects , Plant Roots/growth & development , Rhizophoraceae/anatomy & histology , Rhizophoraceae/drug effects , Rhizophoraceae/growth & development
2.
Rev. biol. trop ; 57(3): 473-488, sep. 2009. ilus, mapas, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-637886

ABSTRACT

Abstract: Costa Rica mangroves: the north Pacific. Costa Rica has mangrove forests on both the Caribbean and Pacific coasts. The Pacific side has 99% of the mangrove area of the country. In this review we compile available information on the mangroves of the north Pacific coast of Costa Rica, from Bahía Salinas, on the border with Nicaragua, to the tip of the Peninsula de Nicoya at Cabo Blanco. We provide information on the location of the mangroves and all available information for each mangrove forest. These mangrove communities are smaller in extension and tree sizes, and have lower diversity compared to the mangroves on the southern section of the Pacific coast of Costa Rica. The dominant species are Rhizophora mangle and Rhizophora racemosa along the canal edges, backed by Avicennia germinans, and farther inland Avicennia bicolor, Laguncularia racemosa and Conocarpus erectus. At Potrero Grande a healthy population of Pelliciera rhizophorae, a rare species, has been reported. We recognized 38 mangrove communities in this part of the country, based on the National Wetland Inventory, published papers, field observations, theses, technical reports, and the national topographic maps (1:50 000, Instituto Geográfico Nacional). Relatively detailed information could be found for only five mangrove forests, for 14 more only prelimary and incomplete lists of plants and in some cases of animal species are available, for nine there is even less information, and for nine more only their location is known, which in some cases was not correct. Detail mapping, characterization of the vegetation and fauna, physiological studies, analyses of biogeochemical and physical processes, economic valuations, and determination of the health status of the mangrove of the northern Pacific coast, as well as for the rest of Costa Rica, are neccesary and urgent. Rev. Biol. Trop. 57 (3): 473-488. Epub 2009 September 30.


Costa Rica tiene bosques de manglar en las costas Caribe y Pacífica. El 99% de los manglares del país se encuentran en la costa Pacífica. En este trabajo recopilamos la información disponible sobre los manglares del Pacífico norte de Costa Rica, desde la frontera con Nicaragua hasta la Reserva Absoluta de Cabo Blanco, en la punta sur de la Península de Nicoya. La ubicación de los manglares y cualquier información disponible para cada manglar es resumida. El clima de esta región es seco con estaciones de lluvia y sequía muy bien definidas. Los manglares del norte son relativamente pequeños en extensión y tamaño de árboles, y de baja diversidad comparados con los del Pacífico sur de Costa Rica. Las principales especies de mangle son: Rhizophora mangle, Rhizophora racemosa a lo largo de los bordes de los canales, seguido por Avicennia germinans, y más tierra adentro Avicennia bicolor, Laguncularia racemosa y Conocarpus erectus. En el manglar de Potrero Grande se informa de una población saludable de la especie de Pelliciera rhizophorae, especies muy poco abundante. Reconocemos 38 comunidades de manglares en el Pacífico norte de Costa Rica basado en el Inventario Nacional de Humedales, artículos publicados, observaciones de campo, tesis, informes técnicos y los mapas 1: 50 000 del Instituto Geográfico Nacional. Se pudo encontrar información relativamente detallada pero fragmentada de únicamente cinco manglares (los descritos en esta publicación), de 14 solamente hay listas preliminares e incompletas de plantas y en algunos casos de animales, de nueve manglares más hay información todavía más limitada, y de otros nueve se conoce solamente su ubicación, que en algunos casos se comprobó que era incorrecta. Trabajos de mapeo detallado, caracterización de la vegetación y la fauna, estudios fisiológicos, análisis de procesos biogeoquímicos, evaluaciones económicas, y determinación del estado de salud de los manglares del Pacífico norte de Costa Rica, y del resto del país son necesarios y urgentes.


Subject(s)
Avicennia/classification , Rhizophoraceae/anatomy & histology , Trees/classification , Avicennia/anatomy & histology , Costa Rica , Rhizophoraceae/classification , Trees/anatomy & histology
3.
An. acad. bras. ciênc ; 78(2): 213-226, June 2006. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-427099

ABSTRACT

Rhizophora mangle L., uma das mais comuns espécies do mangue, tem um sistema de estruturas aéreas que lhe fornecem estabilidade em solo permanentemente alagado. De fato, essas estruturas, conhecidas por ''raízes aéreas'' ou ''raízes suportes'' demonstraram tratar-se de ramos especiais com geotropismo positivo, que formam grande número de raízes quando em contato com o solo. Esses órgãos apresentam um sistema de ramificação simpodial, medula ampla, córtex pouco espesso, feixes vasculares colaterais, estelo poliarco e protoxilema endarco, como no caule, e uma periderme produzida por um felogênio no ápice, semelhante a uma coifa. Esses ramos apresentam, também, o mesmo tipo de tricoesclereídes que ocorrem no caule com geotropismo negativo, diferente das verdadeiras raízes de Rhizophora, que não formam tricoesclereídes. Por outro lado, esses ramos não formam folhas e nesse aspecto são semelhantes às raízes. Esses ramos especiais são rizóforos, isto é, ramos portadores de raízes, com geotropismo negativo e análogos àqueles encontrados em Lepidodendrales e outras pteridófitas arbóreas do Carbonífero que, usualmente, cresciam em solos alagados.


Subject(s)
Plant Components, Aerial/anatomy & histology , Plant Roots/anatomy & histology , Rhizophoraceae/anatomy & histology , Brazil , Plant Components, Aerial/cytology , Plant Roots/cytology , Rhizophoraceae/cytology
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